How to Make Papier Mâché: 3 Easy Recipes for Every Project

Papier mâché is one of those crafts that adapts beautifully to whatever you have on hand. Whether you want a smooth finish for detailed ornaments or a rustic, handmade texture for bowls, there’s a recipe to match.

I often switch between flour-based, glue-based and natural paste methods depending on what I’m making. If you like to try a new craft and are wondering how to make papier mâché, below are three easy, eco-friendly ways to create papier mâché at home — all simple, affordable and safe to use indoors.

How to Make Papier Mâché: 3 Easy Recipes for Every Project

1. The Classic Flour-and-Water Paste

Perfect for beginners and anyone who prefers plastic-free crafting. This traditional recipe creates a slightly textured finish and dries to a firm, matte surface.

You’ll need:

• 1 cup plain flour

• 1½ cups of water

• A pinch of salt (optional, to prevent mould)

How to make it:

1. Mix the flour and water until smooth, like single cream.

2. Warm slightly on the hob for a thicker consistency.

3. Use immediately or refrigerate for up to 3 days.

Best for: rustic bowls, ornaments and natural-looking décor.

Read more: How to make Papier Mâché bowls

2. The Smooth Glue-Based Paste

If you’re working on a project that needs a cleaner or more detailed surface, a glue paste is ideal. It dries faster, gives a smoother texture and can be sanded or painted with ease.

You’ll need:

• 1 part PVA glue

• 1 part water

How to make it: Mix equal parts glue and water in a bowl until fully combined. Dip strips of paper, remove excess and layer as usual.

Best for: fine detailing, figurines or projects you plan to paint in bright colours.

Tip: Choose a non-toxic, water-based PVA glue to keep it eco-friendly.

3. The Natural Starch or Cornflour Paste

A great alternative for those avoiding gluten or looking for a fully natural recipe. It’s clear, smooth and slightly glossy once dry.

You’ll need:

• 2 tablespoons cornflour or potato starch

• 1 cup cold water

• 1 cup boiling water

How to make it:

1. Dissolve cornflour in cold water, stirring until smooth.

2. Pour in boiling water slowly, stirring constantly until thickened.

3. Allow to cool before using.

Best for: lightweight decorations, children’s crafts or layering delicate papers like tissue or mulberry paper.

How to Waterproof Your Papier Mâché Item

Papier mâché naturally absorbs moisture, so sealing it properly helps your creations last longer — especially if you use them as décor or storage pieces.

1. Use a Clear Acrylic Sealer

Once completely dry, apply two or three thin coats of a clear acrylic spray or brush-on varnish. Let each coat dry before adding the next. This creates a protective, waterproof barrier.

2. Try Mod Podge or PVA Glue Seal

Mix equal parts PVA glue and water, and brush it over your finished piece. Once dry, it gives a semi-gloss, water-resistant coating. Ideal for bowls, ornaments or trays displayed indoors.

3. Use Natural Oils or Wax (for a Low-Sheen Finish)

If you prefer a natural approach, gently buff the surface with a thin layer of beeswax polish or linseed oil. It repels moisture while maintaining a raw, matte look. Avoid using on items that will come into direct contact with food or water.

4. Avoid Full Water Exposure

Even sealed papier mâché shouldn’t be submerged or left outdoors for long. It’s best for decorative use in dry environments.

Choosing the Right Papier Mâché Recipe

Project Type	Best Recipe	Finish	Drying Time
Eco-friendly, rustic crafts	Flour + Water	Textured, matte	12–24 hrs
Decorative ornaments	Glue + Water	Smooth, hard	8–12 hrs
Lightweight crafts	Cornflour Paste	Soft, slightly glossy	10–16 hrs

You can even combine methods — use a flour base for structure, then finish with a thin glue coat for strength.

Extra Tips for Perfect Papier Mâché

• Always let layers dry completely before adding more.

• Use thin paper strips for smoother results.

• To prevent mould, add a pinch of salt or a drop of essential oil (such as clove or lavender).

• Seal finished pieces to extend their life and improve durability.

How to Make Papier Mâché: Frequently Asked Questions

1. Which papier mâché recipe is the strongest?

The PVA glue and water mix provides the most durable, sandable finish.

2. Can I make papier mâché without flour or glue?

Yes — cornflour or starch pastes work beautifully and are completely natural.

3. How do I waterproof papier mâché?

Seal with clear acrylic spray, Mod Podge, or a PVA-and-water mix once fully dry.

4. Is papier mâché compostable?

Flour- or starch-based papier mâché is fully biodegradable and compostable.

5. What’s the best paper to use?

Uncoated paper, such as newspaper, kraft paper, or recycled wrapping paper, works best.